Check the authority
Rules vary across WADA, NCAA, NAIA, federations, and leagues.
Athlete & Competition Rules
Compliance is its own research question.
Educational guidance for checking governing-body rules, prohibited lists, testing risk, and strict-liability principles.
Start exploring“A substance does not need to appear by its everyday name to create competition risk.”
Inside this section
Check the date
Lists and interpretations change; current official rules control.
Check the category
Related substances and unapproved compounds may be captured broadly.
Selected reading
Begin with the foundations.
How to Read a Scientific Study
A calm, repeatable framework for evaluating a paper without overreading it.
What Is a Certificate of Analysis?
What a COA can document, what it cannot prove, and how to read one critically.
What Is Third-Party Testing?
The value and limits of independent laboratory testing.